Employers’ associations and European social dialogue: chronicles of a stalemate foretold
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2421-2695/8792Keywords:
European social dialogue, employers’ organization, employers’ representation, representativenessAbstract
The paper focuses on role and functions of employers’ organizations at the supranational level. Starting from the analysis of the promotional framework of regulation of the European social dialogue, the article deals with the notion of employers’ representativeness emerging at the supranational level.
The concept of "European representativeness" is examined, in particular, with reference to: i) the criteria for measuring the representative weight (both of trade unions and employers’ associations) identified by the European Commission since its Communications of the 90s – criteria subsequently specified by a judgment of the Court of First Instance of the EU and progressively clarified by Eurofound studies; ii) the substantial inadequacy of this criteria to deal with the fragmentation of the representation of business interests in the EU.
The topic of the representative fragmentation of the employers is then expressly declined in the context of the sectoral social dialogue, in which it assumes, along with other destructuring factors, a relevant role in the crisis of the supranational social dialogue. In the final part of the paper, the Author proposes some reflections about the (uncertain) perspectives of relaunch of the European social dialogue.
References
Arcq E. - Dufresne A. - Pochet P., The employers: the hidden face of European industrial relations, in Transfer, 2003, 2, p. 302.
Barbieri M., In tema di legittimità costituzionale del rinvio al Ccnl delle organizzazioni più rappresentative nel settore cooperativo per la determinazione della retribuzione proporzionata e sufficiente (Corte costituzionale, 26 marzo 2015, n. 51), in RGL, 2015, 3, p. 493.
Bercusson B., The Dynamic of European Labour Law after Maastricht, in IJL, 1994, 1, p. 20.
Bercusson B., Democratic Legitimacy and European Labour Law, in ILJ, 1999, 2, p. 153.
Bercusson B. - Van Dijk J.J., The implementation of the Protocol and the Agreement on Social Policy of the Treaty on European Union, in IJCLLIR, 1995, p. 3.
Betten L., The democratic deficit of participatory democracy in Community social policy, in ELR, 1998, 1, p. 20.
Beyers J. - Eising R. - Maloney W. A. (a cura di), Interest Group Politics in Europe: Lessons from EU Studies and Comparative Politics (West European Politics), London, Routledge, 2010.
Caruso B., I diritti dei lavoratori digitali nella prospettiva del Pilastro sociale, in WP CSDLE “Massimo D’Antona”.INT − 146/2018.
Caruso B. - Alaimo A., Il contratto collettivo nell’ordinamento dell’Unione Europea, in WP CSDLE “Massimo D’Antona”.INT − 87/2011.
Crouch C., Il declino delle relazioni industriali nell'odierno capitalismo, in SM, 2012, 1, p. 55.
Degryse C., The European sectoral social dialogue: an uneven record of achievement?, in ETUI working paper, 2015, p. 2.
Dufresne A., Sectoral Employer Strategies in the EU. Lobbying by partners?, in The European Sectoral Social Dialogue. Actors, Developments and Challenges, eds. A. Dufresne - C. Degryse - P. Pochet, Frankfurt, Peter Lang, 2006, p. 249.
Franssen E. - Jacobs A., The question of representativity in the European social dialogue, in CMLR, 1998, 6, p. 1295.
Giubboni S., The EU and the Industrial Relations. Systems – A Critical Appraisal, in WP CSDLE “Massimo D’Antona”.INT − 144/2018.
Giubboni S., The rise and fall of EU labour law, in ELJ, 2018, 1, p. 17.
Greenwood J. - Traxler F., United Kingdom, in F. Traxler, G. Huemer (a cura di), Handbook of Business Interest Associations, Firm Size and Governance. A Comparative Analytical Approach, London, Routledge, 2007.
Hornung-Draus R., The role of national and european employer organisations in the 21st century, in Warwick papers in industrial relations, 2004, p. 73.
Jacobs A.T.J.M. - Franssen E., The question of representativity in the European social dialogue, in CMLR, 1998, 6, p. 1295.
Keller B., Social Dialogue. The Specific Case of the European Union, in IJCLLIR, 2008, 2, p. 222.
Keller B. - Weber S., Sectoral social dialogue at EU level: Problems and prospects of implementation, in EJIR, 2011, 3, p. 227.
Kerckhofs P. - Sanz P., Representativeness of social partners in ten European sector social dialogue committees, paper presentato nel corso della Ilera Conference 2016, The future of representation.
Kohl H. - Platzer W., Labour relations in central and eastern Europe and the European social model, in Transfer, 2003, 1, p. 11.
Lafuente Hernandez S., Uncovering the pitfalls of EU social dialogue from a multi-level perspective. The example of the electricity sector, in Employment relations in an era of change. Multi-level challenges and responses in Europe, a cura di V. Pulignano - H.D. Köhler - P. Stewart, Brussels, Etui, 2016.
Lapeyre J., European social dialogue: 30 years of experience and progress, but what does the future hold?, Institut Jacques Delors Policy Papers, 2015, p. 124, in http://institutdelors.eu/publications/european-social-dialogue-30-years-of-experience-and-progress-what-future/?lang=en.
Lo Faro A., Funzioni e finzioni della contrattazione collettiva comunitaria. La contrattazione collettiva come risorsa nell’ordinamento giuridico comunitario, Milano, Giuffrè, 1999.
Lo Faro A., La contrattazione collettiva transnazionale: prove di ripresa del dialogo sociale in Europa?, in DLRI, 2007, 3, p. 552.
Lo Faro A., Bargaining in the Shadow of Optional Framework? The Rise of Transnational Collective Agreements and EU Law, in EJIR, 2012, 18, 2, p. 153.
Perin E. - Léonard E., European sectoral social dialogue and national social partners, in Transfer, 2011, 2, p. 163.
Pochet P. - Peeters A. - Leonard E. - Perin E., Dynamics of European Sector Social Dialogue, Eurofound, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2009.
Reale A., Representation of interests, participatory democracy and lawmaking in the European Union: which role and which rules for the social partners?, in Jean Monnet Working Paper, 2003, p. 15.
Regini M., Tre fasi, due modelli e una crisi generalizzata, in SM, 2012, 1, p. 77.
Scarpelli F., I nodi del neocorporativismo al pettine del diritto comunitario (Tribunale di Primo grado delle Comunità europee, 17 giugno 1998), in RGL, 1999, 2, p. 289.
Scharpf P., Governing in Europe: Effective and Democratic?, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1999.
Smismans S., The European Social Dialogue in the Shadow of Hierarchy, in JPP, 2008, 1, p. 161.
Streeck W., European Social Policy after Maastricht: The Social Dialogue and Subsidiarity, in EID, 1994, 2, p. 170.
Traxler F., Employers and employers’ organizations, in IRL, 1997, p. 99.
Treu T., La contrattazione collettiva in Europa, in DRI, 2018, p. 397.
Welz C., The European Social Dialogue under Articles 138 and 139 of the EC Treaty. Actors, Processes, Outcomes, Milano, Wolters Kluwer, 2008.
Welz C., From Val Duchesse to Riga: how to relaunch social dialogue?, 20 Aprile 2015, testo reperibile in https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/publications/blog/from-val-duchesse-to-riga-how-to-relaunch-social-dialogue.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Veronica Papa
The copyrights and publishing rights of all the texts on this journal belong to the respective authors without restrictions.
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (full legal code).
See also our Open Access Policy.
Metadata
All the metadata of the published material is released in the public domain and may be used by anyone free of charge. This includes references.
Metadata — including references — may be re-used in any medium without prior permission for both not-for-profit and for-profit purposes. We kindly ask users to provide a link to the original metadata record.
